PSYCHROPHILES:
These are microorganism that love cold temperatures
and grow best at below 15 degrees census and below zero temperatures. Psychrophilic
algae, fungi, archea, and bacteria live in snowfields, ice, and cold water. Due
to the mesophilic environment of the human body, psychrophiles cannot survive
in the human body.
GENOME
AND GENOTYPE:
The genome of a cell or virus refers to its entire
genetic components of both genes and nucleotide sequences that connect genes to
each other. The genome of cells is composed only of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA),
while RNA viruses use ribonucleic acid.
Genotype of an organism is however the actual set of
genes in its genome. Unlike the genome that include some nucleotides that are
not part of the gene, the genotype is made up of all the series of DNA nucleotide
that carry instructions for an organism’s life.
MUTATION:
It is a permanent change in the nucleotide base
sequence of a genome, especially its genes. Mutation of genes is often always
bad with a few instances where it improves an organism’s ability to survive and
reproduce. Types of mutation are point, frameshift, silent, missense, and
nonsense mutations.
REFERENCES:
Bauman
RW. Microbiology with disease by Taxonomy. 3rd ed. San Francisco (CA): Pearson;
2011. Print.
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