NEW VOCABULARY

IONIZING RADIATION AND IONIZING RADIATION:

Ionizing radiation is a form of radiation with a wave-length shorter than 1nm that are energetic enough to create ions by ejecting electrons from atoms. This type form radiation creates ions that disrupt hydrogen bonding, oxidize double covalent bonds, and create highly reactive hydroxyl radicals. They cause fatal mutations and cell death.

Nonionizing radiation has an electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength greater than 1nm as it does not have sufficient energy to force electrons out of orbit. This type of radiation affect the three dimensional structure of proteins and nucleic acids as electrons cannot form new covalent bonds.

DESICCATION:

This is drying, that inhibiting microbial growth by drying. The drying inhibits the spread of pathogens like syphilis, gonorrhea, and pneumonia bacteria. This form of drying have also be used for years for preserving foods like nuts, peas, grains, yeast, and fruit like apricots (especially in Pakistan).

AUTOCLAVE:

This is a device that uses steam heat under pressure to sterilize chemicals and objects that can tolerate moist heat. This device is used in autoclaving which is a moist heat related method of microbial control. An autoclave has a pressure chamber, pipes to introduce and let out steam, valves to remove air and control pressure, and pressure and temperature gauges to monitor the autoclaving process which is a sterilization method.

REFERENCE:

Bauman RW. Microbiology with disease by Taxonomy. 3rd ed. San Francisco (CA): Pearson; 2011. 664p.

PICTURES:

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